The ethical issues over the experimental use of higher model vertebrates like guinea pig, rats, dogs, monkeys etc. have resulted in the use of invertebrates and micro-organisms as one of the living systems alternatives to laboratory animal use particularly in biomedical and behavioural research. >>>
Now-a-days, the sustainable production of consumer products is the major challenge faced by modern societies and future generations, after decades of reliance on fossil resources which, on one hand, did generate economic growth and prosperity but, on the other hand, has left serious ecological, geopolitical and social legacies. >>>
Feed and fodder are the important input for dairy and poultry industries. Due to cost of feed and fodder the merging of profit going down day by day to farmers and also due to famine conditions. Severe depletion of groundwater day by day makes farmer to search the alternate source of feed and fodders to animals. >>>
Animal disease emergencies are significant public health component which might occur in a major outbreak of a zoonotic diseases. For these emergencies well developed framework should be developed for implementing disease control and eradication programmes and for sharing responsibilities among those departments and agencies without involvement of which this plan cannot be completed. >>>
Gastrointestinal disease causing signs of abdominal pain in horses is commonly referred to as colic. Colic is the most important and fatal disease of horses and considered as an important cause of death (Radostits et al., 2007). >>>
Eggs; the little oval white/brown structures laid by poultry have always been on the receiving end of misconceptions in Indian society. As a matter of fact, ‘Pandora’s box’ of myths associated with Fisher’s private thing has spread as fast as the stupendous development of poultry industry in India. >>>
During heat stress, the osmolarity of cell is affected, when there is excessive loss of water and electrolytes from the bird’s body. Thus, the cell integrity >>>
It is most frequently encountered problem in equines and multifactorial in origin. Clinically, disease is characterized by varying degree of signs of abdominal pain, and dehydration-electrolyte balance. On the basis of different factors involved in its causation colic can be classified into four types >>>
Listeriosis caused by Listeria spp. is an important foodborne infectious disease of humans and animals, prevalent worldwide. Listeria spp. are ubiquitous bacteria widely distributed in the environment including water, soil, decaying vegetable matter, sewage, as well as a variety of food. >>>
oronaviridae family of viruses are the largest group of virus belonging to the order Nidovirales. Coronavirinae is one of the important subfamily of Coronaviridae further divided into four genera viz. alpha, beta, gamma and delta. >>>
With the passage of time, humans have evolved and so have the B species. Dogs have found themselves in a plethora of roles viz. wild animals, hunter animals, pet animals and now companion animal, rather they are considered at times a family member. >>>
Laboratory confirmation is based mainly on detection of S. aureus or demonstration of the presence of enterotoxin in the food or vomitus. At least 105 S. aureus per g or ml from food is confirmed as positive. For detection of enterotoxins various detection methods are used viz. bioassays, molecular biology, and/or immunological techniques. >>>
Animal welfare refers to the state of the animal; the treatment that an animal receives is covered by other terms such as animal care, animal husbandry, and humane treatment. Protecting an animal’s welfare means providing for its physical and mental needs. >>>
The catastrophic pandemic of COVID-19 and the possibility of viruses originating from bats as well as other mammals has gained much attention and focused interests towards coronaviruses and the effect of their infections in other species of animals. >>>
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