Goat (Capra hircus) is a domestic animal in which the reproductive physiology is least understood compared to other species. Reproductive performance is economically important as it affects the number of offspring produce per year. To maintain a good reproductive performance a clear idea about the reproductive organ is necessary.
Importance
- To perform Artificial Insemination.
- Pregnancy diagnosis.
- Dealing with the infertility problems & treatment.
- For application of modern technologies (IVF , IVP, IVM, IVC , collection & grading of oocyte)
- Control of diseases.
Aim of Study
- To provide basic information regarding the anatomical structure of normal reproductive organs & to establish base line data on the normal dimensions of different segments of the reproductive tract of goat.
- Breed : Local cross breed.
Material Required
- Samples: 06
- Samples are collected from butcher & kept in a plastic jar filled with NSS & Antibiotic.
- Metric ruler, An Electronic Balance, Dissection tray, Hand Gloves , Thread, Vernier caliper, B.P. blade.
Method of Biometric
- First specimen were examined for gross abnormalities.
- Different length of reproductive tracts were measured using Metric rule, Thread & Vernier Caliper.
Ovaries were removed at their junction with ovarian ligament
- The length of ovary taken along the excision from the ovarian ligament
- Width- The greatest line perpendicular to the length line
- Weight- Using electrical balance
Follicles & Corpus luteum: Counted in each ovary on surface by palpation
Oviduct: Is disected out from the top of the fimbriae to the tubal uterine horn junction
- Length- From uterotubal junction to the fimbriae
- Diameter- From the circumference
Uterine Horn: Is disected free of their ligament attachment
- Length- From of oviduct tubal junction to bifercation of body of uterus
Body of Uterus: Incised a dorsal incision continued in a straight line to the dorsal commissure of the vulva in order to full expose the cervix canal & vagina.
- Length-From its bifercation to the internal os of cervix
Cervix
- Length- Distance between internal os & external os
- Diameter- Circumference at the middle portion
Vagina
- Length- From external os of cervix to vental commisure of the vulva
- Width- At a point approximately 3 cm from the external os of the cervix prior to extending the dorsal incision through vagina
Vulva
- Length- External vulva opening to the vestibule
- All measurement are recorded in tabulated form
Length of ovary (Cm)
| Sample No. | Right Ovary | Left Ovary |
| 1 | 2.88 | 2.85 |
| 2 | 1.88 | 1.60 |
| 3 | 1.50 | 1.30 |
| 4 | 1.71 | 1.80 |
| 5 | 2.01 | 2.00 |
| 6 | 1.68 | 1.66 |
| Average | 1.94 | 1.87 |
Width of Ovary (Cm)
| Sample No. | Right Ovary | Left Ovary |
| 1 | 1.57 | 1.36 |
| 2 | 1.26 | 1.60 |
| 3 | 1.00 | 0.63 |
| 4 | 1.30 | 1.26 |
| 5 | 0.95 | 0.99 |
| 6 | 1.20 | 1.00 |
| Averge | 1.21 | 1.12 |
Number of Follicles
| Sample No. | Right Ovary | Left Ovary |
| 1 | 2 | 1 |
| 2 | 4 | 0 |
| 3 | 0 | 2 |
| 4 | 2 | 3 |
| 5 | 1 | 1 |
| 6 | 2 | 1 |
| Average | 1.83 | 1.33 |
Numbers of Corpus luteum
| Sample No. | Right Ovary | Left Ovary |
| 1 | 7 | 8 |
| 2 | 6 | 6 |
| 3 | 3 | 4 |
| 4 | 4 | 5 |
| 5 | 6 | 7 |
| 6 | 3 | 2 |
| Average | 4.83 | 5.33 |
Length of Oviduct
| Sample No. | Right Oviduct | Left Oviduct |
| 1 | 12.15 | 12.53 |
| 2 | 10.85 | 8.18 |
| 3 | 10.12 | 9.10 |
| 4 | 13.87 | 13.80 |
| 5 | 11.86 | 10.78 |
| 6 | 12.46 | 12.00 |
| Average | 11.88 | 11.06 |
Length & Width of Body of Uterus
| Sample No. | Length (Cm) | Width(Cm) |
| 1 | 2.80 | 2.80 |
| 2 | 2.35 | 2.50 |
| 3 | 1.75 | 1.86 |
| 4 | 2.38 | 2.67 |
| 5 | 2.51 | 2.39 |
| 6 | 2.12 | 2.50 |
| Average | 2.32 | 2.45 |
Length & Width of Horn of Uterus
| Sample No | Length of Horn of Uterus | Width of Horn of Uterus | ||
| Right Horn | Left Horn | Right Horn | Left Horn | |
| 1 | 18.80 | 15.02 | 2.68 | 2.70 |
| 2 | 12.00 | 12.28 | 2.43 | 2.56 |
| 3 | 10.00 | 10.07 | 1.83 | 1.92 |
| 4 | 15.00 | 15.51 | 2.18 | 2.00 |
| 5 | 14.60 | 14.66 | 2.84 | 2.67 |
| 6 | 18.70 | 18.70 | 2.48 | 2.54 |
| Average | 14.85 | 14.37 | 2.48 | 2.40 |
Number of Carnucles
| Sample No. | Right Horn | Left Horn |
| 1 | 82 | 76 |
| 2 | 80 | 87 |
| 3 | 60 | 65 |
| 4 | 78 | 74 |
| 5 | 82 | 89 |
| 6 | 75 | 75 |
| Average | 76.17 | 77.67 |
Length & Width of Cervix
| Sample No. | Length of Cervix | Width of Cervix |
| 1 | 4.50 | 1.80 |
| 2 | 4.87 | 1.75 |
| 3 | 3.76 | 1.56 |
| 4 | 4.55 | 1.06 |
| 5 | 4.50 | 1.86 |
| 6 | 4.87 | 2.07 |
| Average | 4.20 | 1.90 |
Length & Width of Vagina
| Sample No. | Length of Vagina | Width of Vagina |
| 1 | 11.35 | 2.87 |
| 2 | 10.87 | 2.63 |
| 3 | 8.65 | 1.97 |
| 4 | 9.50 | 3.00 |
| 5 | 10.00 | 2.50 |
| 6 | 9.88 | 2.38 |
| Average | 10.04 | 2.56 |
Result
- Ovaries of mature goat were almond shaped.
- The mean length of right ovary was higher than that of left ovary.
- A significant difference was found between the mean width of corpus luteum and number of right and left ovary.
- Shape of caruncle in goat is concave.
Conclusion
- Right ovary was wider large in length and heavier in weight as compare to one which confirms the fact that right ovary being more active than the left one.
- These result have established baseline dimensions off different segments of female reproductive tract of goat.
- It helps in diagnosis of various abnormalities.
- The difference between the results may be due to Abnormalities, Age, Breed, or Climatic effect.
Be the first to comment